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Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW)
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FHYA curation of selected materials from the Phonogrammarchiv at the Austrian Academy of Sciences

  • Selection
  • 2016 -

[Source - Carolyn Hamilton for FHYA, 2018: The FHYA selection from the Phonogrammarchiv at the Austrian Academy of Sound (ÖAW) consists of two CDs from the Father Franz Mayr digital sound recordings created by the Phonogrammarchiv as a part of their Historical Collections in 2006, as well as the associated material from the data CD and CD booklet that were produced alongside the audio CDs. The selection of materials is arranged in two subseries (CD1 and CD2) and further arranged by separate songs, with each sound recording, the associated original protocols, and transcriptions from the accompanying booklet, housed in a separate file. The original wax cylinders, the metal negatives and epoxy resin casts are in the possession of the Phonogrammarchiv and were not included in the FHYA selection.]

Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr, Zulu Recordings,1908, (Disc 1) and associated materials from the accompanying Data CD

[Source - Debra Pryor for FHYA, 2019: Subseries comprise files which contain digital reproductions of audio originally recorded on wax cylinders, extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", lyrics, transcripts and translations from the CD booklet, and handwritten protocols extracted from data CD.]

FHYA collation of Series 10, The Collection of Father Franz Mayr: Zulu Recordings 1908 - sound recordings and associated material

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018, using the CD booklet “Series 10 The Collection of Father Franz Mayr: Zulu Recordings 1908” and information provided by Gerda Lechleitner via email correspondence in 2016: The wide range of informants recorded by Mayr included young schoolgirls, an old "traditional" healer, non-Christian Zulu people, and Zulus who had already accepted Christianity and European customs (at least formally)

Mayr’s recordings were originally made with an Edison recorder on wax cylinders. This collection originally comprised of 50 recordings made by Mayr. However, the recordings listed in the first catalogue of the collection as Ph 1795A, Ph 1799A-1799B, and Ph 1800, no longer exist. Although these phonograms are missing from the Phonogrammarchiv, their original documentation still exists.

A book about Mayr, written by Clemens Gütl (Gütl, Clemens. ‘Adieu ihr lieben Schwarzen’: Gesammelte Schriften des Tiroler Afrikamissionare Franz Mayr (1865-1914). Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, 2004), prompted the Phonogrammarchiv to publish the Franz Mayr Collection in 2006.

Mayr’s original notes regarding the recordings were sporadic – in some cases he gave very few details about the interlocutor, while in other cases he was quite meticulous. In the case of interlocutors without a first or family name, or interlocutors with isiZulu names, this usually meant that the interlocutor had not converted to Christianity, where European-style names indicated an interlocutor who had converted to Christianity. Mayr had a wide range of interlocutors from the Natal area. Mayr stated that, with the exception of Ph 1773 [CD 2: 23] and Ph 1775 [CD 2: 24], which contain recordings in isiBhaca, considered by Mayr to be a dialect of siSwati, the recordings all document samples of isiZulu. Lechleitner notes that one should be cautious of sociohistorical context when approaching Mayr’s protocols. Importantly, modern research shows that the isiZulu spoken in Natal during Mayr’s stay was a specific dialect called the ‘Lala dialect’ or the ‘Tekeza language’.

The Mayr protocols are published on a data CD as digital images. They are divided into a protocol header and a free text section. The header contains standardised information such as: personal data of the phonographee, location and date of the recording, a brief summary of contents, technical details, as well as the phonographer’s name (and profession). The free text section contains texts, sometimes also translations and musical notations. Among these there may also be transliterations, unpublished or already published elsewhere, sometimes in historical transcriptions. Occasionally, one will also find texts which have not been recorded (e.g. additional verses of songs).

The series is arranged in 2 subseries for Disc 1 and Disc 2, and further laid out so that each song and the associated original protocols, transcriptions, and accompanying booklet is housed in a separate file.]

Unknown female vocalists - Marian song: Descants, sung by several girls [accompanied by a reed organ], sound recording and associated items

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: File contains digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Marian song: Descants, sung by several girls [accompanied by a reed organ]"; digitized CD booklet; handwritten protocols, and lyrics transcript and translation, extracted from data CD]

Marian song: Descants, sung by several girls [accompanied by a reed organ], sound recording

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: Digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Marian song: Descants, sung by several girls [accompanied by a reed organ]".]

Hymn Descants, sung by the same girls [as in Ph 1761; accompanied by a reed organ], handwritten protocol

CD numbering, recommendations for citation

[Source - The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908, CD booklet, 2006: Each series has a single CD number, which is independent of the actual number of CDs comprising the series. For example, a series may be listed as OEAW PHA CD 9. The third CD of this series will be listed as OEAW PHA CD 9/3. Due to the short playing time of a Phonogramm, a single CD may contain up to 40 tracks. We recommend citing the historical recordings according to the following guidelines: In the first instance, each recording should be referred to by its catalogue number (e.g. Ph 628, G 3412). If a recording is taken from the present edition, the catalogue number should be followed by the CD number of the relevant series (if a series comprises several CDs, the CD number should be followed by the CD sub-number, separated from the CD number by a slash), and by its particular track number, set apart by a colon; e.g. Prayers: Ph 1753, OEAW PHA CD 25/1: 1. !hub° lempi (war [dance] song): Ph 1759, OEAW PHA CD 25/2]

Hymn Descants, sung by the same girls [as in Ph 1761; accompanied by a reed organ], lyrics transcript and translation

[Source - Benathi Marufu for FHYA, 2020, using ÖAW materials: Relevant pages of the CD Booklet for the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", published in 2006. To view the full booklet click the link in the Associated materials field below.]

Unknown female vocalists - Umququmbelo: dance song [of the Christian Zulus] Three-part singing by four grown-up girls, sound recording and associated items

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: File contains digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Umququmbelo: dance song [of the Christian Zulus] Three-part singing by four grown-up girls"; digitized CD booklet; handwritten protocols, music notation, and lyrics transcript and translation, extracted from data CD]

Frida Kunene - Prayers Spoken by Frida Kunene, sound recording and associated items

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: File contains digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Prayers Spoken by Frida Kunene"; digitized CD booklet; handwritten protocols, and lyrics transcript and translation, extracted from data CD]

Marian song: Descants, sung by several girls [accompanied by a reed organ], lyrics transcript and translation

[Source - Benathi Marufu for FHYA, 2020, using ÖAW materials: Relevant pages of the CD Booklet for the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", published in 2006. To view the full booklet click the link in the Associated materials field below.]

Prayers Spoken by Frida Kunene, sound recording

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: Digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Prayers Spoken by Frida Kunene".]

Prayers Spoken by Frida Kunene, handwritten protocol

[Source - Carolyn Hamilton for FHYA, 2019, using ÖAW materials: Mayr’s note-taking was sporadic. In his protocols he occasionally gives very few details about some informants, while with others he is quite meticulous. Usually, informants without a first or family name, or informants with names that sound foreign to us, such as Nogwaja, Pakati, Tshingwayo, and Nondhleko, reveal that the person was not a converted Christian, but still a traditional Zulu in the sense that the person adhered to long-established Zulu custom; European-style names such as Frida Kunene and Maria Gertrud(e) Mkize, on the other hand, indicate that these people were Christians. Baptisms were considered successes in the missionary's attempt to "win souls" for the church priorities for the mission. Thus, the baptism registers give some details about those who had decided to change their religion. Typically, when a person was baptised, he or she would take a European name. These names were usually those of European patrons: for example, Fr. Mayr baptised the five-week-old Msomi, Maria Coudenhove, which was the name of the newborn girl's European sponsor. Mlambo, a young man, received the name of his "uncle" or European patron, Franz Rohrmoser (cf. Gütl 2004: 77, 89, 128). The age of the people to be baptised varied from newborn children to elderly people; since most of the latter did not know their birthdays, Mayr was only able to take down estimates of their age into his register (cf. Gütl 2004: 99-100).]

Prayers Spoken by Frida Kunene, lyrics transcript and translation

[Source - Benathi Marufu for FHYA, 2020, using ÖAW materials: Relevant pages of the CD Booklet for the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", published in 2006. To view the full booklet click the link in the Associated materials field below.]

Marian song: Descants, sung by several girls [accompanied by a reed organ], handwritten protocol

[Source - Carolyn Hamilton for FHYA, 2019, using ÖAW materials: Mayr’s note-taking was sporadic. In his protocols he occasionally gives very few details about some informants, while with others he is quite meticulous. Usually, informants without a first or family name, or informants with names that sound foreign to us, such as Nogwaja, Pakati, Tshingwayo, and Nondhleko, reveal that the person was not a converted Christian, but still a traditional Zulu in the sense that the person adhered to long-established Zulu custom; European-style names such as Frida Kunene and Maria Gertrud(e) Mkize, on the other hand, indicate that these people were Christians. Baptisms were considered successes in the missionary's attempt to "win souls" for the church priorities for the mission. Thus, the baptism registers give some details about those who had decided to change their religion. Typically, when a person was baptised, he or she would take a European name. These names were usually those of European patrons: for example, Fr. Mayr baptised the five-week-old Msomi, Maria Coudenhove, which was the name of the newborn girl's European sponsor. Mlambo, a young man, received the name of his "uncle" or European patron, Franz Rohrmoser (cf. Gütl 2004: 77, 89, 128). The age of the people to be baptised varied from newborn children to elderly people; since most of the latter did not know their birthdays, Mayr was only able to take down estimates of their age into his register (cf. Gütl 2004: 99-100).]

Unknown female vocalists - Hymn Descants, sung by the same girls [as in Ph 1761; accompanied by a reed organ], sound recording and associated items

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: File contains digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Hymn Descants, sung by the same girls [as in Ph 1761; accompanied by a reed organ]"; digitized CD booklet; handwritten protocols, music notation, and lyrics transcript and translation, extracted from data CD]

Hymn Descants, sung by the same girls [as in Ph 1761; accompanied by a reed organ], sound recording

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: Digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Hymn Descants, sung by the same girls [as in Ph 1761; accompanied by a reed organ]".]

Umququmbelo: dance song [of the Christian Zulus] Three-part singing by four grown-up girls, sound recording

[Source - Chloe Rushovich for FHYA, 2018: Digital reproduction of audio extracted from CD1 of the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", originally recorded on wax cylinders and classified by OAW using Mayr's notes as "Umququmbelo: dance song [of the Christian Zulus] Three-part singing by four grown-up girls".]

Umququmbelo: dance song [of the Christian Zulus] Three-part singing by four grown-up girls, handwritten protocol

[Source - Carolyn Hamilton for FHYA, 2019, using ÖAW materials: Mayr’s note-taking was sporadic. In his protocols he occasionally gives very few details about some informants, while with others he is quite meticulous. Usually, informants without a first or family name, or informants with names that sound foreign to us, such as Nogwaja, Pakati, Tshingwayo, and Nondhleko, reveal that the person was not a converted Christian, but still a traditional Zulu in the sense that the person adhered to long-established Zulu custom; European-style names such as Frida Kunene and Maria Gertrud(e) Mkize, on the other hand, indicate that these people were Christians. Baptisms were considered successes in the missionary's attempt to "win souls" for the church priorities for the mission. Thus, the baptism registers give some details about those who had decided to change their religion. Typically, when a person was baptised, he or she would take a European name. These names were usually those of European patrons: for example, Fr. Mayr baptised the five-week-old Msomi, Maria Coudenhove, which was the name of the newborn girl's European sponsor. Mlambo, a young man, received the name of his "uncle" or European patron, Franz Rohrmoser (cf. Gütl 2004: 77, 89, 128). The age of the people to be baptised varied from newborn children to elderly people; since most of the latter did not know their birthdays, Mayr was only able to take down estimates of their age into his register (cf. Gütl 2004: 99-100).]

Umququmbelo: dance song [of the Christian Zulus] Three-part singing by four grown-up girls, lyrics transcript and translation

[Source - Benathi Marufu for FHYA, 2020, using ÖAW materials: Relevant pages of the CD Booklet for the "Series 10: The Collection of Father Franz Mayr Zulu Recordings 1908", published in 2006. To view the full booklet click the link in the Associated materials field below.]

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